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- WORLD, Page 47EL SALVADORGuerrilla Tactics
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- A rebel offer drives a wedge between Duarte and the U.S.
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- The startling twelve-point proposal was conveyed first to
- Archbishop Arturo Rivera Damas of San Salvador, who passed it
- on to the government of President Jose Napoleon Duarte. After
- nine years of refusing to lay down their arms, the guerrillas
- of the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front last week
- declared their willingness to participate in El Salvador's
- presidential balloting and abide by the results, win or lose.
- The F.M.L.N. asked that the March 19 polling be postponed until
- Sept. 15 so the rebels would have more time to rally supporters.
- The group, which tried to sabotage the last five national
- elections, said it would back Guillermo Ungo, the candidate of
- the left-wing Democratic Convergence.
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- Within days, the rebel offer had achieved what may have
- been one of its principal objectives: a division between Duarte
- and the U.S. Government. Gravely ill with stomach and liver
- cancer and legally barred from seeking another term, Duarte was
- caught off balance. He rejected the F.M.L.N. proposal to push
- back the election date as unconstitutional, telling a press
- conference, "It's not a plan for peace. It's a plan for war."
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- Trailing the right-wing ARENA party in the latest polls,
- Duarte's Christian Democrats could win time for a comeback if
- the elections are delayed. But Duarte came under strong pressure
- from ARENA, which threatened to challenge any postponement in
- the courts and could conceivably launch a coup if concessions
- are made to the F.M.L.N.
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- Duarte's stand put him sharply at odds with Washington,
- which has staunchly backed the Salvadoran leader's efforts to
- end the nation's civil war. State Department spokesman Charles
- Redman said the F.M.L.N. offer was "worthy of serious and
- substantive consideration." Privately, State Department
- officials were enthusiastic, lauding the proposal as a
- fundamental shift in rebel policy that could signal a
- breakthrough.
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- The F.M.L.N. also implicitly dropped a demand for the
- formation of a national-unity government, which had been
- rejected by Duarte and had become a stumbling block to peace
- talks. U.S. diplomats said they would urge Duarte to use the
- F.M.L.N. plan as the basis for resumed negotiations with the
- rebels. Otherwise, they argued, he risked giving the appearance
- of not being genuinely interested in a settlement. "What we
- can't have happen," said a U.S. official, "is for this proposal
- to be dumped on with no constructive response."
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- Though U.S. officials emphasized that Duarte had not
- rejected the entire F.M.L.N. plan, they acknowledged that the
- Christian Democrats may be too divided to open negotiations.
- Thus any compromise may have to wait until after the elections,
- and by then it could be too late. Shut out of the polls, the
- F.M.L.N. is likely to launch a new offensive in a country
- already soaked in blood.
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